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Latest DevOps course index

DevOps Introduction ♾️

Getting Started with DevOps Concepts
Exploring the Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC)
The Waterfall Approach in Traditional SDLC
Introduction to Agile Methodology
Understanding the Scrum Framework
Sprint and Iteration Cycles in Agile Development
What is DevOps? A Cultural and Technical Transformation
Why DevOps? Key Benefits and Drivers
The Importance of DevOps in Today’s IT Ecosystem
DevOps Operating Model Explained
Phases of the DevOps Lifecycle
DevOps in the Job Market – Roles and Opportunities
Common DevOps Tools and Technologies

Linux

System Initialization

Introduction to the Linux Operating System
How to access or set up a Linux server
Installing essential tools on your desktop/laptop:
- Putty
- PuttyGen
- Git Bash
- WinSCP

Cloud & Virtual Environment Setup

Creating an account on AWS (Amazon Web Services)
Launching and connecting to an EC2 Linux Instance

Linux File System & Basic Commands

Understanding the Linux file and directory structure
Commands for:
- File creation: touch, cat, echo
- Directory creation: mkdir
- File viewing: cat, less, more, head, tail
- File movement and copying: cp, mv, rm
- Navigating directories: cd, ls, pwd

Essential Linux Commands

Explore critical commands every Linux user must know:

ls – List files and directories
cd – Change directory
pwd – Show current directory path
cp – Copy files or directories
mv – Move or rename files/directories
rm – Delete files/directories
touch – Create empty files
mkdir – Create new directories
cat, less, more – View file content
head, tail – View the beginning or end of files
chmod – Change file permissions
chown – Change file ownership
grep – Search for text patterns in files
find – Locate files and directories
sed – Stream editing of file content
awk – Advanced pattern scanning & text processing
df – Check disk space usage
du – Display directory/file size
top / htop – View running processes
ps – List active processes
kill / killall – Terminate processes
history – Show command history
man – Access help manual for commands

System Administration

User Management – Add, remove, and manage users and groups
Service Management – Start, stop, enable, or restart services using systemctl
Package Management – Install and manage software using yum, dnf, or apt

Automation & Scheduling

Crontab – Schedule and automate recurring tasks

Networking Basics

Learn the basics of Linux networking:
- Check IP: ip a / ifconfig
- Ping hosts: ping
- Check ports: netstat, ss
- Network troubleshooting: traceroute, nslookup , dig

Git, GitHub, BitBucket

Introduction to Version Control

What is VCS (Version Control System) / SCM (Source Code Management)
Importance of using a Version Control System in real-world projects

Understanding Git, GitHub & BitBucket

What is Git – A distributed version control system
What is GitHub – A cloud-based Git repository hosting platform
Creating and setting up a GitHub account
Creating and setting up a BitBucket account

Git Basics & Concepts

What is a Branch – Parallel versions of your code
What is a Tag – Marking specific commits for releases or milestones

Core Git Commands & Operations

Essential Git commands – git init, git status, git add, git commit, git push, etc.
Cloning repositories from GitHub
Merging branches effectively
Working with Pull Requests (PR)

Advanced Git Features

Using Cherry-Pick to apply specific commits
Understanding and applying Squash to clean up commit history
Forking a repository – Open-source contribution and collaboration

Branching Strategies

Overview of popular branching models (e.g., Git Flow, Feature Branching, Trunk-Based Development)
Best practices for managing branches in team environment

Maven

What is a Build Tool?
Introduction to Maven
Key Features & Benefits of Maven
Installing Maven & Setting up the Environment
Maven Project Directory Structure
Understanding the pom.xml File
Maven Repositories
Maven Life Cycles
Running different kind of Maven Projects
Building Your Project with Maven
Preparing Deployment Environment
Deploying the Maven Project

Apache Tomcat

Overview & Introduction
Differences Between Application Server and Web Server
Architecture of Web Servers, Application Servers, and Database Servers
Installation & Configuration on Linux
Directory Structure & File Organization
Starting the Apache Tomcat Server
Stopping the Apache Tomcat Server
User Account Management
Role-Based Access Control (RBAC)
Configuring Server Port Numbers
Application Deployment Methods:
1. Via Tomcat Manager Web Interface
2. Using Command Line Deployment Tools

Apache web server - Nginx Web Server

Web Servers in Modern Architecture

What is a Web Server?
▪ Understanding how web servers serve content to users over HTTP/HTTPS
Why use Apache HTTP or NGINX in today’s web stack?
Apache vs NGINX – Key Differences
Performance, architecture, and use cases comparison
Real-World Use Cases
▪ Web hosting, reverse proxy, microservices, API gateways

Installing Apache and NGINX

Apache HTTP Server Setup (Linux/Windows)
▪ Using package managers: yum, apt, choco
NGINX Installation: Fast and Lightweight
▪ Linux and Docker-based deployments
Version Check and Validation
▪ Commands: httpd -v, nginx -v to verify installations

Understanding Server Directory Structures

Apache Core Directories
◦ /etc/httpd/, /var/www/html explained
NGINX Core Directories
▪ /etc/nginx/, /usr/share/nginx/html overview
Key Config Files
▪ httpd.conf, nginx.conf, and modular config structure

Managing Web Server Lifecycle

Start, Stop, Restart Web Servers
▪ Commands for both Apache and NGINX
Common Commands
▪ systemctl start|stop|restart httpd/nginx
▪ service apache2 restart
Enabling Auto-Start on System Boot
▪ Ensuring web services persist after reboot

Hosting Static Web Applications

Deploying HTML/CSS Websites
▪ Setting up static sites using Apache or NGINX
Document Root Deployment
▪ Placing files in /var/www/html or /usr/share/nginx/html
Permissions and Network Configuration
▪ File permission setup, opening ports in firewalls (e.g., port 80/443)

SonarQube

1. Introduction to Code Quality

Importance of code quality in software development
What is Static Code Analysis?
Key benefits of using static code analysis tools

2. Overview of SonarQube

What is SonarQube?
Use cases in DevOps and CI/CD
SonarQube Architecture (Scanner, Server, Database, UI)
Supported languages and integration support (Maven, Gradle, Jenkins, etc.)

3. Installing and Setting up SonarQube

System Requirements
Installation on Linux/Windows
Installing SonarQube using Docker
Setting up PostgreSQL for SonarQube
Running SonarQube Server and accessing the dashboard

4. SonarQube Configuration

Creating Projects manually and auto-binding
Generating and configuring authentication tokens
Project settings – quality profiles and quality gates
Understanding rules, severities, and customizations

5. Integrating SonarQube with Build Tools

SonarQube with Maven (sonar:sonar command)
SonarQube with Gradle
SonarQube Scanner CLI for other languages
Working with .properties file for configuration

6. SonarQube with Jenkins (CI/CD Pipeline Integration)

Installing SonarQube Scanner Plugin in Jenkins
Integrating analysis in Jenkins Pipeline
Publishing results in Jenkins UI
Breaking builds using quality gate status

7. Analyzing Results & Dashboards

Understanding metrics: Bugs, Vulnerabilities, Code Smells, Coverage, Duplication
Using the dashboard effectively
Drill-down into issues and suggestions
Code history and trend reports

8. Managing Quality Gates and Profiles

Creating custom quality gates
Defining thresholds for coverage, bugs, etc.
Creating and assigning custom quality profiles
Best practices in quality gate design

9. Advanced Topics (Optional)

Integrating with GitHub, Bitbucket, GitLab
Using Webhooks and notifications
Setting up Branch analysis
LDAP integration and user management

10. Real-Time Use Cases & Best Practices

Real-world CI pipeline with SonarQube
Handling common issues and misconfigurations
Writing clean code with SonarLint
Ensuring continuous inspection in teams

Nexus

🔰 Nexus Artifact Repository – Fundamentals & DevOps Role

What is Nexus?
▪️ A universal artifact repository manager for DevOps pipelines

Why Nexus in DevOps Toolchain?
▪️ Secure, store, and distribute build artifacts across environments

Real-World Nexus Use Cases
▪️ Caching Maven Central
▪️ Hosting internal Docker images
▪️ Dependency management in CI/CD workflows

Nexus Installation, Configuration & System Setup

Cross-Platform Installation
▪️ Linux (manual & systemd-based installation)
▪️ Windows (service mode setup)

Initial Security Hardening
▪️ Change default admin credentials (password & email)

SMTP Configuration for Notification System
▪️ Setup email alerts for repository and system events

Custom Port & Context Path Configuration
▪️ Modify default port (8081)
▪️ Change application context root (e.g., /nexus)

Service Management with Systemd and CLI
▪️ Start/stop Nexus using terminal or services

Nexus Architecture – Directory Structure & Configuration Files

Directory Hierarchy & Data Storage
▪️ Key paths: /nexus-data/, /opt/sonatype/

Admin Console Navigation
▪️ Accessing repositories, privileges, system tasks

Critical Configuration Files
▪️ nexus.properties, logging, and blob storage configuration

Repository Types – Creation, Configuration & Use Cases

Creating and Managing Repositories
▪️ maven2 (hosted) – Internal builds
▪️ maven2 (proxy) – Caching external repos like Maven Central
▪️ maven2 (group) – Aggregate proxy + hosted
▪️ Docker Registry – Private Docker image hosting

📌 Repository Strategy & Lifecycle
▪️ Artifact versioning, retention policies, and CI integration

DevOps Integration – Maven, REST API & Automation

Integrating Maven with Nexus
Configuring settings.xml for deployments

Artifact Centralization for CI/CD Pipelines
▪️ Hosting shared dependencies for distributed teams

Nexus REST API Automation
▪️ Programmatic access for repo creation, user management, and uploads

Repository Governance – Policies, Access Control & Security

Defining Cleanup & Retention Policies
▪️ Auto-prune old builds, keep latest versions only

User, Role & Privilege Management
▪️ RBAC – Role-Based Access Control for secure access

Jenkins

Jenkins Fundamentals & CI/CD Concepts

What is Jenkins?
▪️ Open-source automation server for building, testing, and deploying applications
Understanding CI/CD Pipelines
▪️ CI: Automate code integration, build verification
▪️ CD: Continuous Delivery vs Deployment – key differences
Real-Time DevOps Use Cases
▪️ Microservices deployments, Infrastructure as Code automation, test automation triggers

Jenkins Installation & System Bootstrapping

Cross-Platform Installation
▪️ Linux-based deployment (with systemd)
▪️ Jenkins setup on containers (Docker-based approach)
Initial Configuration
▪️ Admin password setup, plugin recommendations
Jenkins Home & Directory Overview
▪️ Workspace, job history, plugin cache

Build Jobs, Maven & Toolchain Integration

Creating Build Jobs
▪️ Freestyle project setup for Java builds
Maven Integration
▪️ Set global tool configurations, define Maven installation paths
Artifact Repository Integration
▪️ Upload artifacts to Nexus/Artifactory
Code Quality Integration
▪️ Connect SonarQube server, analyze code post-build

Application Deployment Automation

Deploy to Web Servers
▪️ Use “Deploy to Container” plugin for Tomcat
▪️ SSH-based scripted deployment with credentials plugin
Integrate Notifications & Hooks
▪️ Slack alerts via webhook token
▪️ Git SCM polling, CRON-based triggers
▪️ GitHub Webhook payload configuration

Build Lifecycle & Output Control

Retention & Cleanup Strategies
▪️ Discard old builds, clear workspace
Enhance Console Logs
▪️ Timestamps, ANSI coloring plugins
Test Coverage Analysis
▪️ JACOCO or Cobertura plugin configuration

Plugin Ecosystem & Jenkins Enhancements

Plugin Management
▪️ Plugin Manager, safe restarts
Essential Integrations
▪️ BlueOcean, SSH Agent, Publish Over SSH
▪️ Thin Backup, Email Ext, Role-Based Access Strategy
Job Conversion & Efficiency
▪️ Convert Freestyle jobs to pipeline jobs
▪️ Next build number plugin, workspace cleanup

Jenkins Security & Role-Based Access Control

User Authentication & Authorization
▪️ Enable security realm, create users
Granular Access Control
▪️ Role-based access plugin
▪️ Project-based Matrix Authorization
Auditing Best Practices
▪️ Jenkins log inspection, access logs

Views, Parameters & Integration Tools

Job Organization with Views
▪️ MyView, List View
Parameterized Builds
▪️ Add string, boolean, and choice parameters
External Tools & Plugins
▪️ Install plugins for Ansible, Blue Ocean, Docker, or Terraform

Jenkins Pipeline (Scripted & Declarative)

Understanding Pipeline as Code
▪️ Scripted vs Declarative Syntax
Jenkinsfile Authoring
▪️ Add to project repo, syntax validation
Pipeline Features
▪️ Parameters, post-actions, parallel stages
Multibranch Pipeline Projects
▪️ Auto-discover branches, PR builds
Shared Libraries
▪️ Reuse common pipeline logic across teams

Jenkins Administration & Real-Time DevOps Execution

CI/CD Pipelines for Microservices/Java Apps
▪️ Build, test, deploy to Kubernetes or VMs
Master-Agent Architecture
▪️ Set up agents (static/dynamic), node labels
Backup, Restore & Migration
▪️ Jenkins ThinBackup or script-based backup strategy
▪️ Server migration (old to new Jenkins)
Real-Time Pipeline Examples
▪️ Real time declarative scripts for end to end application flows

Ansible

Ansible Fundamentals

What is Ansible?
▪️ Open-source IT automation engine for configuration management, application deployment, and orchestration
Ansible’s Role in DevOps Pipelines
▪️ Automates repetitive tasks, enforces environment consistency, and accelerates delivery cycles
Key Advantage: Agentless Automation
▪️ Uses SSH (Linux) and WinRM (Windows) without needing agent installations on managed nodes

Core Architectural Concepts

Foundations of Configuration as Code (CaC)
▪️ Maintain infrastructure consistency through declarative definitions
Notable Features of Ansible
▪️ Idempotency, YAML simplicity, extensibility via custom modules
Ansible Component Overview
▪️ Control Node (execution hub)
▪️ Managed Hosts (target nodes)
▪️ Modules, Plugins, Connection Types, and Collections

Inventory & Installation

Defining Host Inventory
▪️ Static INI/YAML files and Dynamic Inventory via cloud plugins (AWS, Azure, GCP)
Ansible Setup
▪️ Installing via package managers (yum, apt, pip)
▪️ Using virtual environments for version control
Directory Layout Best Practices
▪️ /etc/ansible, project-specific inventory files, role-based structure

CLI Mastery & Modules

Essential Ansible Commands
▪️ ansible, ansible-playbook, ansible-config, ansible-doc, ansible-inventory
Verifying Infrastructure Reachability
▪️ Inventory validation with ping module and ad-hoc command execution
Module Categories
▪️ System (copy, file), Package (yum, apt), Service (systemd), Cloud (ec2, gcp_compute)

Playbook Engineering

Crafting Declarative Playbooks
▪️ YAML-based syntax for structured automation tasks
Anatomy of a Playbook
▪️ Plays → Tasks → Modules → Handlers
Execution Controls
▪️ Tags for selective task execution
▪️ Error handling and retries
▪️ Handlers to trigger on change

Variables, Loops & Logic

Hierarchical Variable Precedence
▪️ Host, Group, Playbook-level, Environment variables
Variable Declarations
▪️ vars, vars_files, vars_prompt, host_vars/group_vars
Control Structures
▪️ Loops: loop, with_items, with_dict
▪️ Conditionals: when, failed_when, changed_when
Combining Logic for Dynamic Automation

Secrets & Secure Automation

Introduction to Ansible Vault
▪️ Encrypt variables, files, or entire playbooks
Creating & Managing Encrypted Files
▪️ Vault CLI usage: ansible-vault create/view/edit
Vault Key Handling
▪️ Vault password files and environment variable integration

Modularization with Roles

Role-Based Directory Structure
▪️ Break down complex playbooks into reusable components
Refactoring Playbooks into Roles
▪️ Defaults, vars, tasks, handlers, templates, and meta
Best Practices for Role Usage in Projects
▪️ Role dependencies, using Galaxy roles, importing custom logic

Dynamic Inventory & Cloud Integration

Scaling Beyond Static Inventory
▪️ Query live infrastructure with dynamic inventory scripts/plugins
Cloud Integrations
▪️ Use AWS EC2, Azure Resource Manager, and GCP inventory plugins for auto-discovery
Managing Inventory Sources in Production
▪️ Configuring inventory plugins via ansible.cfg and inventory.yam

Docker

Introduction to Docker & Containerization Concepts

Overview of Docker Technology
Understanding containerization fundamentals and its impact on modern software development.
Containers vs. Traditional Virtual Machines
Exploring lightweight, portable containers compared to resource-heavy virtual machines.
Docker’s Role in DevOps and Cloud Native Environments
How Docker streamlines CI/CD pipelines, microservices deployment, and scalability.
Real-World Use Cases and Industry Adoption
Examining Docker’s application in development, testing, and production environments.
Evolution of Application Deployment: Pre-Docker vs Post-Docker
Challenges of legacy deployment methods versus container-driven agility.

Docker Installation & Core Architecture

Installing Docker Across Various Operating Systems
Step-by-step guidance for Linux, Windows, and macOS installations.
Deep Dive into Docker Architecture
Components including Docker Engine, Docker Daemon, CLI, REST API, and container runtime.
Container Lifecycle and Docker’s Operational Flow
How Docker builds, runs, and manages containerized applications.

Essential Docker CLI Commands & Container Management

Core Docker CLI Commands
Running containers (docker run), listing (docker ps), executing (docker exec), logs (docker logs).
Image and Container Lifecycle Management
Creating, tagging, removing images, and managing container states (start, stop, pause).
Inspecting and Debugging Containers
Using docker inspect, monitoring resource usage, and troubleshooting tips.

Dockerfile Mastery & Custom Image Creation

Understanding Dockerfiles and Their Purpose
Declarative instructions to automate image creation.
Detailed Exploration of Dockerfile Instructions
FROM, RUN, COPY, ADD, CMD, ENTRYPOINT, ENV, VOLUME, EXPOSE, and best practices.
Building and Optimizing Custom Docker Images
Layer caching, minimizing image size, and multi-stage builds.
Hands-On Dockerfile Examples
Creating Dockerfiles for Node.js, Python, Java applications.

Core Docker Objects & Networking Essentials

Docker Images and Containers Explained
Immutable image layers vs. running container instances.
Networking in Docker
Understanding network drivers: bridge, host, overlay, macvlan.
Persistent Storage with Docker Volumes and Bind Mounts
Managing data persistence beyond container lifecycle.

Docker Registries & Image Distribution

Introduction to Docker Registries
Central repositories for storing and sharing container images.
Working with Docker Hub
Pushing, pulling, and managing public/private images.
Private Registries & Cloud Integration
Using AWS ECR, Azure Container Registry (ACR), Google Container Registry (GCR).

Docker Compose & Multi-Container Orchestration

Introduction to Docker Compose
Defining and managing multi-container applications with docker-compose.yml.
Compose File Syntax and Configuration
Services, networks, volumes, environment variables, dependencies.
Running and Managing Compose Applications
Commands like docker-compose up, down, logs, scaling services.
Practical Example: Deploying a Web Application with Database
Building a multi-service stack to demonstrate real-world orchestration.

Trivy

Introduction to Trivy

What is Trivy?
Features of Trivy
Use cases in DevSecOps

Installation & Setup

System requirements
Installation on Linux, macOS, Windows
Running Trivy using Docker
Updating the vulnerability database

Scanning Docker Images

Basic scan command
Severity levels (UNKNOWN, LOW, MEDIUM, HIGH, CRITICAL)
Filtering by severity
Output formats: table, JSON

File System & Repository Scanning

Scanning local file system
Scanning public Git repositories

Infrastructure as Code (IaC) Scanning

Supported IaC formats: Terraform, Kubernetes, Dockerfile
Scanning configuration files

Ignore Rules

.trivyignore file
Ignoring specific CVEs

CI/CD Integration

Trivy in Jenkins

Hands-on Exercises

Install and configure Trivy
Scan a Docker image
Scan a local project
Scan Terraform/K8s files
Use a .trivyignore file

Kubernetes

Introduction & Core Concepts

Fundamentals of Kubernetes and Container Orchestration
Kubernetes System Components & Control Plane Architecture
Bootstrapping a Kubernetes Cluster Using kubeadm
Namespaces: Multi-Tenancy and Resource Isolation
Overview of Kubernetes Workloads and API Objects

Core Workload Controllers

Understanding Pods: The Smallest Deployable Unit
ReplicationController & ReplicaSet: Ensuring Desired Pod State
DaemonSets: Running System-Level Pods on Every Node
StatefulSets: Managing Stateful Applications with Identity and Storage

Storage & Configuration Management

ClusterIP, NodePort, and LoadBalancer Services
PersistentVolumes (PV) and PersistentVolumeClaims (PVC)
Dynamic Volume Provisioning with StorageClasses
ConfigMaps & Secrets for Decoupled Configuration and Secure Data Injection

Kubernetes Deployment Strategies

Recreate vs RollingUpdate Deployments
Blue-Green Deployment Strategy
Canary Releases: Progressive Delivery with Fine-Grained Control
A/B Testing Deployments: Feature Validation at Scale
Shadow Deployment: Silent Traffic Mirroring for Safe Testing

Monitoring, Health Checks & Autoscaling

Horizontal Pod Autoscaler (HPA) with Metrics Server Integration
Resource Metrics Collection & Auto-tuning Workloads
Liveness and Readiness Probes: Application Health & Availability

Scheduling & Node Operations

Pod Scheduling via NodeSelector & Node Affinity Rules
Pod Affinity and Anti-Affinity: Intelligent Placement Strategies
Taints and Tolerations: Controlling Pod Placement with Constraints
Node Lifecycle Operations: Cordon, Drain, and Uncordon
Advanced Scheduling Policies and Priorities

Security, Policies & Resource Governance

ResourceQuota and LimitRange for Resource Consumption Control
Kubernetes Role-Based Access Control (RBAC): Managing User Permissions
NetworkPolicies: Enforcing Layer 3/4 Network Segmentation
Pod Security Context and Security Best Practices

Kubernetes on Cloud & Traffic Management

Provisioning a Managed Kubernetes Cluster with Amazon EKS
Configuring Kubernetes Services for External Access
Ingress Controller & Ingress Resource for HTTP Routing & TLS Termination

Continuous Delivery & Helm

CI/CD Pipeline Integration with Jenkins and Kubernetes
Packaging and Deploying Applications using Helm Charts
Managing Application Releases and Rollbacks via Helm

Observability & Logging

Cluster Monitoring with Prometheus and Grafana Dashboards
Centralized Logging with the EFK Stack:
- Elasticsearch for Log Storage & Search
- Fluentd for Log Aggregation
- Kibana for Visualization

Logging (Grafana and Prometheus)

Introduction of Monitoring

What is monitoring?
Why do we need monitoring tools?
Overview of Prometheus and Grafana

Prometheus Basics

What is Prometheus?
Prometheus architecture (simple explanation)
How Prometheus collects data (scraping)
Introduction to Prometheus metrics (CPU, memory, etc.)
Running Prometheus on your system

Grafana Basics

What is Grafana?
Grafana as a visualization tool
Connecting Grafana to Prometheus
Creating simple dashboards and graphs

Hands-On Practice

Install Prometheus and Grafana (locally or using Docker)
Use Node Exporter to collect system metrics
Create a simple Grafana dashboard to monitor:
- CPU usage
- Memory usage
- Disk usage

Introduction to Alerts

What are alerts?
Creating alerts in Grafana

AWS

Cloud Computing Fundamentals

Introduction to Cloud Architecture
Cloud Deployment Models (Public, Private, Hybrid, Multi-Cloud)
Cloud Service Models (IaaS, PaaS, SaaS)

AWS Overview

Significance of Amazon Web Services in Modern Infrastructure
AWS Global Infrastructure: Regions, Availability Zones, Edge Locations
Shared Responsibility Model

Core AWS Services

Amazon EC2 (Elastic Compute Cloud) – Scalable Virtual Machines & Instances
Amazon VPC (Virtual Private Cloud) – Isolated Network Environment
VPC Peering – Interconnecting VPCs for Secure Traffic Flow
AWS Transit Gateway – Centralized Network Hub for VPC and On-Premise Connectivity
AWS IAM (Identity and Access Management) – Fine-Grained Access Control Policies
Elastic Load Balancer (ELB) – Layer 4 & Layer 7 Load Distribution
Auto Scaling Groups – Dynamic Resource Scaling and High Availability
Elastic IP Address – Static IPv4 for Dynamic Cloud Architectures
Amazon Machine Image (AMI) – Preconfigured Launch Templates for EC2
Amazon S3 (Simple Storage Service) – Object Storage with High Durability
Amazon CloudWatch – Centralized Monitoring, Logging, and Alarming
AWS CloudTrail – Governance, Compliance, and API Activity Tracking
Amazon CloudFront – Global Content Delivery Network (CDN)
Amazon RDS (Relational Database Service) – Managed Relational Databases
Amazon SNS (Simple Notification Service) – Push-Based Messaging & Notifications

Terraform

Introduction to Infrastructure as Code (IaC)

Terraform Overview: HashiCorp’s Open-Source IaC Tool
Advantages & Limitations of Terraform in Multi-Cloud Environments
Terraform’s Declarative Syntax for Infrastructure Automation
Comparative Analysis: Terraform vs Alternatives (Pulumi, AWS CDK, Ansible, CloudFormation)
Real-World Use Cases of Terraform in DevOps Pipelines & CI/CD

Terraform Setup & Initialization

Terraform Installation: CLI Tools on Windows/Linux/macOS
Initializing Terraform Workspace & Execution Environment
Deploying Your First Terraform Configuration File

Core Components of Terraform

Terraform Providers: Cloud Vendor SDK Integrations (AWS, Azure, GCP)
Terraform Registry: Public Modules & Provider Repository
Terraform Resources: Defining Infrastructure Blocks (compute, networking, storage)
Terraform Modules: Reusable Configuration Constructs (Intro only)

Terraform CLI & Execution Lifecycle

terraform init – Provider Plugin Initialization
terraform validate – Syntax and Logical Validation
terraform plan – Execution Plan Preview
terraform apply – Infrastructure Provisioning
terraform destroy – Tear Down Resources

Resource Management & Configuration

Updating & Reconfiguring Resources After Deployment
Adding and Switching Between Multiple Providers
Managing Terraform State Files: Local vs Remote Backend

HashiCorp Configuration Language (HCL) Essentials

Syntax Patterns and Style Guidelines in HCL
Meta-Arguments in HCL:
- depends_on – Resource Dependency Ordering
- count – Resource Scaling
- for_each – Iterative Resource Creation
- provider – Specifying Cloud Providers
- lifecycle – Resource Lifecycle Control (create_before_destroy, prevent_destroy)

Variables and Data Abstraction in Terraform

Understanding Terraform Variable Types and Scopes
Input Variables: Dynamic Parameter Injection
Output Values: Sharing Data Between Modules or Stages
Local Values: Inline Variable Transformations
Best Practices: Declaring Variables in variables.tf and terraform.tfvars

Cloud Resource Provisioning

Provisioning Compute Resources (EC2, VM, GCE) via Terraform
Using Terraform for Cloud-Native Resource Orchestration Across AWS, Azure, GCP

Key Points of the DevOps Master Program

Structured Interview Preparation from Day One
24/7 Expert Trainer Support
Real-Time Project Experience
Hands-On Learning Approach
Alumni Referral Network for Placement Support